The difference between Russian, English and French styles of ballet!

This is a picture of our adult students celebrating their first Royal Academy of Dance ballet examination! 

Ballet, often described as the epitome of grace and poise, is not just a dance form but a cultural expression that varies across different regions. Among the most renowned styles are the Russian, English and French techniques, each with its own unique characteristics and contributions to the world of dance.

We are also going to discuss Balanchine style, but you'll have to wait until the end for that one...

Now before we begin, I must say that I've been meaning to tackle this topic but if I'm honest I've been a little hesitant. The reason for my hesitation is because whenever a ballet teacher begins a discussion about this topic and describes each style, other ballet teachers tear down or poke holes in their descriptions or critique. 

So before we continue, this is my own personal viewpoint constructed from research, experience and is not the bible when it comes to these styles. It's simply a discussion and deconstruction for my lovely listeners who are curious about the differences between each. 

Firstly, it's probably important to note why there are so many different ballet styles...

The diversity of ballet styles stems from a combination of historical, cultural, and artistic influences. Over the centuries, ballet has evolved within different regions, each with its own traditions, training methods, and aesthetic preferences.

Factors such as royal patronage, choreographic innovations, and the migration of dancers and teachers have contributed to the development of distinct ballet styles. Additionally, ballet has adapted to reflect the cultural identities and artistic sensibilities of each region, resulting in the emergence of styles such as Russian, English, and French ballet. These variations enrich the art form, offering dancers and audiences a wide spectrum of expressions and interpretations, and showcasing the universality of dance as a form of human expression.

Russian Ballet:

Russian ballet is synonymous with technical precision, athleticism, and emotive storytelling. It traces its roots back to the Imperial Russian Ballet of the 18th century and has since evolved into a globally revered style. Characterised by its emphasis on strength, flexibility, and dramatic flair, Russian ballet places a significant focus on rigorous training and impeccable execution.

One hallmark of Russian ballet is the Vaganova method, developed by Agrippina Vaganova in the early 20th century. This method emphasises fluidity of movement, musicality, and expressive port de bras (movement of the arms). Russian dancers are renowned for their impeccable technique, breathtaking jumps, and emotive performances that captivate audiences worldwide.

I have personal experience with the Vaganova technique, learning from my Russian teachers at The Australian Ballet School. Then again as an adult when my studio adopted The Australian Conservatoire of Ballet syllabus which is based of Vaganova methods. 

English Ballet:

English ballet, often associated with the Royal Ballet in London, embodies a blend of classical elegance and artistic innovation. Rooted in the traditions of the Royal Academy of Dance (RAD), English ballet places a strong emphasis on grace, refinement, and meticulous attention to detail.

English ballet technique prioritises clean lines, precise footwork, and a subtle yet expressive style of movement. Dancers trained in the English tradition are known for their understated elegance, nuanced interpretations of choreography, and impeccable musicality.

The influence of English ballet extends beyond technique, with choreographers like Sir Frederick Ashton and Sir Kenneth MacMillan contributing iconic works that have shaped the landscape of contemporary ballet.

Most of you will recognise the Royal Academy of Dance as you probably learn the syllabus. Many students from around the world learn this syllabi and the institution is responsible for educating and training some of the best ballet teachers around. 

I personally participated in Royal Academy of Dance examinations as a young student from Pre-Primary to Advanced 2 - the only reason I didn't continue to the end (Solo Seal is the top exam) is because I accepted as invitation to train with The Australian Ballet School. 

Now as an adult I am back under the Royal Academy of Dance education department completing my Diploma of Dance. One of many reasons for studying is because my studio has switched to providing Royal Academy of Dance examinations for students and we're now considered a registered training facility. 

French Ballet:

French ballet, with its origins in the courtly dances of the Renaissance era, is characterised by its emphasis on lightness, fluidity, and refinement. Often associated with the Paris Opera Ballet, French ballet technique places a strong emphasis on épaulement (the shaping of the body) and precise, intricate footwork.

One defining feature of French ballet is the Cecchetti method, developed by Italian dancer Enrico Cecchetti but widely adopted in France. This method emphasises the coordination of movements, épaulement, and a meticulous approach to classical technique.

French ballet dancers are celebrated for their effortless grace, delicate phrasing, and exquisite attention to detail. The French repertoire boasts iconic works by choreographers such as Marius Petipa and George Balanchine, whose contributions have left an indelible mark on the world of dance.

I personally haven't had a lot to do with the French style. But I do adore watching french dancers! Most notably I love how ballet is akin to learning football in France. It's just so normal. When I was in Repetto in Paris, I was being fitted for pointe shoes whilst students were coming in for their ballet uniforms and i saw just as many little boys as girls come in!

Now we can't leave out the Americans, so let's talk about...

Balanchine Style:

 Balanchine style, named after the iconic choreographer George Balanchine, is renowned for its dynamic athleticism, musicality, and modernist aesthetic. Balanchine, a Russian-born choreographer who co-founded the New York City Ballet, revolutionised ballet in the 20th century with his innovative approach to movement and composition.

His style emphasises speed, precision, and expansive use of space, often featuring intricate footwork, daring lifts, and rapid directional changes. Balanchine's choreography is characterised by its neoclassical simplicity, where dancers are stripped of excessive ornamentation to showcase pure, unadorned movement.

His works are deeply musical, with choreography intricately woven into the fabric of the score, creating a seamless fusion of movement and music. Balanchine's legacy extends beyond technique, as his groundbreaking choreography continues to inspire generations of dancers and choreographers, shaping the landscape of contemporary ballet with its bold, innovative spirit.

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In conclusion, the Russian, English, and French styles of ballet each offer a unique perspective on this timeless art form. While Russian ballet dazzles with its technical virtuosity, English ballet captivates with its refined elegance, and French ballet enchants with its delicate grace.

Together, these distinct styles contribute to the rich tapestry of ballet, showcasing the beauty and diversity of human expression through movement.

While certain methods may emphasize different aspects of technique or movement, there is no singular "right" or "wrong" approach to ballet. Instead, diversity is celebrated, and all styles are valued for their contributions to the art form.

Whether it's the athleticism of Russian ballet, the elegance of English ballet, the refinement of French ballet, or the innovation of Balanchine style, each offers its own interpretation of ballet's timeless vocabulary. What matters most is the passion, dedication, and artistry that dancers bring to their craft, as well as the joy and inspiration they bring to audiences worldwide.

Ultimately, ballet is a deeply personal and subjective experience, and the richness of its diversity is a testament to its enduring power to captivate, inspire, and transcend cultural boundaries. In my opinion, ballet (and dance in general) is a physical representation of music - and that's what it's all about! So whilst it's fun to learn about the different styles, don't get caught up on wether you're learning the right or wrong way.